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安装 GO

下载并解压

sh
cd ~/downloads
wget https://studygolang.com/dl/golang/go1.23.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar zxvf go1.23.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz --one-top-level
cd go1.23.2.linux-amd64
sudo mv go /usr/local

配置环境变量

.zshrc 中添加:

sh
export GOROOT=/usr/local/go
export GOPATH=$HOME/go
export PATH=$GOPATH/bin:$GOROOT/bin:$PATH
export GOPROXY="https://mirrors.aliyun.com/goproxy,direct"

使配置生效:

sh
source ~/.zshrc

验证安装

sh
go version

输出形如:

sh
go version go1.23.2 linux/amd64

Hello, World!

创建 hello.go

go
package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
}

运行:

sh
go run hello.go

输出形如:

sh
Hello, World!

VSCode 设置

json
    "[go]": {
        "editor.formatOnSave": true,
        "editor.insertSpaces": true,
        "editor.tabSize": 4,
        "editor.codeActionsOnSave": {
            "source.fixAll": "never",
            "source.organizeImports": "never"
        }
    },

如果 VSCode 里的 GO 插件很卡, 大概率就是没有配置 editor.codeActionsOnSave

安装包

确保添加了国内源:

sh
export GOPROXY="https://mirrors.aliyun.com/goproxy,direct"

查看是否配置成功:

sh
go env | grep GOPROXY

输出形如:

sh
GOPROXY='https://mirrors.aliyun.com/goproxy,direct'

然后安装包。例如安装 VSCode 中 GO 插件需要的包:

sh
go install golang.org/x/tools/gopls@latest
go install honnef.co/go/tools/cmd/staticcheck@latest
# go install github.com/cweill/gotests/gotests@v1.6.0
# go install github.com/fatih/gomodifytags@v1.17.0
# go install github.com/josharian/impl@v1.4.0
# go install github.com/go-delve/delve/cmd/dlv@latest

查看是否安装:

sh
ls ~/go/bin/