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安装 Docker ​

Install Docker Engine on Ubuntu | Docker Docs

安装 ​

添加 Docker 官方 GPG key：

sh
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
  • 第 4 行curl 命令可能需要添加代理 --proxy http://127.0.0.1:11111
  • 或者将 download.docker.com 替换为中科大的镜像源 mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce

将 Docker 库添加到 APT 源：

sh
echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update
  • 注意：国内环境需要将 download.docker.com 替换为中科大的镜像源 mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce

安装包：

sh
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

检查是否安装成功：

sh
sudo docker run hello-world

如果该命令未能成功运行，大概率是网络问题，参见 添加镜像 或 配置代理。

若运行成功，输出应形如：

sh
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
c1ec31eb5944: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:94323f3e5e09a8b9515d74337010375a456c909543e1ff1538f5116d38ab3989
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

添加镜像 ​

创建 /etc/docker/daemon.json，并添加镜像：

json
{
    "registry-mirrors": [
      "https://docker.m.daocloud.io", 
      "https://docker.jianmuhub.com",
      "https://huecker.io",
      "https://dockerhub.timeweb.cloud",
      "https://dockerhub1.beget.com",
      "https://noohub.ru"
  ]
}

命令行如下：

sh
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo touch /etc/docker/daemon.json
sudo bash -c "echo '{
    \"registry-mirrors\": [
      \"https://docker.m.daocloud.io\", 
      \"https://docker.jianmuhub.com\",
      \"https://huecker.io\",
      \"https://dockerhub.timeweb.cloud\",
      \"https://dockerhub1.beget.com\",
      \"https://noohub.ru\"
  ]
}' > /etc/docker/daemon.json"

重启 Docker 服务：

sh
sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl restart docker

总结国内还能用的 [Docker.io🐳 & Podman mirrors]镜像 6.13更新：国内源+1 & 国外源+1 - 配置调优 - LINUX DO

配置代理 ​

在 /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/proxy.conf 中添加：

sh
[Service]
Environment="HTTP_PROXY=http://127.0.0.1:11111"
Environment="HTTPS_PROXY=http://127.0.0.1:11111"
Environment="NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1"

重启 Docker 服务：

sh
sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl restart docker

Docker的三种网络代理配置 · 零壹軒·笔记

重启 Docker 服务 ​

sh
sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl restart docker

为普通用户添加 Docker 权限 ​

sh
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER && newgrp docker

linux - docker.sock permission denied - Stack Overflow

一键安装 ​

wget https://raw.staticdn.net/Hansimov/blog/main/docs/notes/scripts/docker_install.sh -O ~/docker_install.sh && chmod +x ~/docker_install.sh && ~/docker_install.sh

脚本: https://github.com/Hansimov/blog/blob/main/docs/notes/scripts/docker_install.sh

sh
# Add GPT key
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

# Add repo to APT sources
echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update

# Install packages
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin